Water damage is a severe issue that can arise from various sources, leading to significant structural and health risks. Understanding the causes and types of water damage is crucial for timely detection and mitigation. ### Causes of Water Damage * **Plumbing failures:** Common sources of water damage include pipe bursts, leaking faucets, and malfunctioning appliances such as dishwashers and washing machines. * **Roof leaks:** Damaged or poorly maintained roofs can allow water to seep into the building during heavy rainfall. * **Flooding:** Natural disasters, such as hurricanes or floods, can inundate buildings with excessive water. * **Condensation:** Excess moisture in the air, combined with insufficient ventilation, can lead to condensation that can damage walls, ceilings, and furnishings. * **Frozen pipes:** During cold weather, water in pipes can freeze and expand, causing pipes to burst. ### Types of Water Damage * **Clean water:** Originating from water sources not contaminated by sewage or other pollutants, such as leaks from faucets or burst pipes. * **Gray water:** Emanating from sources that may contain microorganisms, such as dishwashers or washing machines. It poses a health risk if not promptly addressed. * **Black water:** Classified as highly contaminated water, containing disease-causing bacteria or sewage. It requires immediate attention to prevent severe health hazards. ### Categories of Water Damage Water damage is further categorized into three primary categories: * **Category 1:** Water damage limited to a single room or area, originating from clean water sources. It typically involves saturated carpeting, drywall, or furniture. * **Category 2:** Water damage extending beyond a single room, involving gray water sources. It may affect multiple floors or areas of the building. * **Category 3:** Extensive water damage resulting from black water sources. It can lead to structural damage, contamination, and health risks.